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Medicaid Provider Spending
This dataset packages:
- the raw Medicaid Provider Spending dataset (as published on HHS Open Data), and
- the derived identifier-resolution artifacts produced by this repository when extracting and resolving the unique NPIs and HCPCS/CPT codes found in the raw spending data.
Source Data
- Medicaid Provider Spending (public dataset published by HHS/Open Data): opendata.hhs.gov/datasets/medicaid-provider-spending
- CMS NPPES bulk dissemination files + CMS NPI Registry API (for NPI/provider metadata)
- NLM Clinical Tables HCPCS API (for HCPCS/CPT code metadata)
Source Repository
Project code, build scripts, and pipeline logic live at: ToadResearch/Medicaid_Provider_Spending.
Data Splits
These are exposed on Hugging Face as three dataset configurations (spending, npi, hcpcs)
because each has a different schema (the Hub viewer and datasets expect a consistent schema within a single config).
| split | contents |
|---|---|
spending |
Raw Medicaid Provider Spending parquet (as downloaded; unmodified) from HHS Open Data. |
npi |
Derived NPI resolution artifacts: one row per unique NPI in the spending dataset (deduped). Populated primarily from bulk NPPES dissemination files; the CMS NPI Registry API is used only as fallback for bulk misses. Includes provenance (URL/params), error message, and a raw-or-synthetic JSON payload matching the NPI Registry API response shape. |
hcpcs |
Derived HCPCS/CPT resolution artifacts: one row per unique code in the spending dataset (deduped). Populated from the resolved mapping cache (Clinical Tables API and/or local CPT/HCPCS fallback). Includes provenance (URL/params), error message, and a raw-or-synthetic JSON payload matching the Clinical Tables response shape. |
Usage
from datasets import load_dataset
spending = load_dataset("mkieffer/Medicaid-Provider-Spending", "spending")["spending"]
npi = load_dataset("mkieffer/Medicaid-Provider-Spending", "npi")["npi"]
hcpcs = load_dataset("mkieffer/Medicaid-Provider-Spending", "hcpcs")["hcpcs"]
Split Schemas
spending
| column | type | description |
|---|---|---|
BILLING_PROVIDER_NPI_NUM |
string | Billing provider NPI |
SERVICING_PROVIDER_NPI_NUM |
string | Servicing provider NPI |
HCPCS_CODE |
string | HCPCS/CPT code |
CLAIM_FROM_MONTH |
string | Claim month (YYYY-MM-01) |
TOTAL_UNIQUE_BENEFICIARIES |
int64 | Unique beneficiaries |
TOTAL_CLAIMS |
int64 | Total claims |
TOTAL_PAID |
float64 | Total paid (USD) |
npi
All columns in this split are string (some are JSON-encoded strings).
| column | type | description |
|---|---|---|
npi |
string | NPI |
basic |
string (JSON) | results[0].basic |
addresses |
string (JSON) | results[0].addresses |
practice_locations |
string (JSON) | results[0].practiceLocations |
taxonomies |
string (JSON) | results[0].taxonomies |
identifiers |
string (JSON) | results[0].identifiers |
other_names |
string (JSON) | results[0].other_names |
endpoints |
string (JSON) | results[0].endpoints |
url |
string | Request URL when an API call happened; otherwise a bulk sentinel like nppes_bulk:* |
error_message |
string (nullable) | Error message if lookup failed |
api_run_id |
string | Local pipeline run id |
requested_at_utc |
string | Request timestamp (UTC) or bulk-export generation timestamp |
request_params |
string (JSON) | Request params / provenance captured by the pipeline |
results |
string (JSON) | Full results array |
response_json |
string (JSON) | Full raw API JSON payload when an API call happened; otherwise a synthetic payload in the same shape |
hcpcs
All columns in this split are string (some are JSON-encoded strings).
| column | type | description |
|---|---|---|
hcpcs_code |
string | HCPCS/CPT code |
ef_short_desc |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.short_desc (list) |
ef_long_desc |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.long_desc (list) |
ef_add_dt |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.add_dt (list) |
ef_act_eff_dt |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.act_eff_dt (list) |
ef_term_dt |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.term_dt (list) |
ef_obsolete |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.obsolete (list) |
ef_is_noc |
string (JSON) | extra_fields.is_noc (list) |
response_codes |
string (JSON) | Codes array returned by the API |
response_display |
string (JSON) | Display array returned by the API |
response_extra_fields |
string (JSON) | Extra fields object returned by the API |
url |
string | Request URL when an API call happened; otherwise a cache/fallback sentinel like hcpcs_cache:* |
error_message |
string (nullable) | Error message if lookup failed |
api_run_id |
string | Local pipeline run id |
requested_at_utc |
string | Request timestamp (UTC) or cache-export generation timestamp |
request_params |
string (JSON) | Request params / provenance captured by the pipeline |
response_json |
string (JSON) | Full raw API JSON payload when an API call happened; otherwise a synthetic payload in the same shape |
Parquet Null / Empty-List Audit
Auto-generated by ./build_datasets.sh (or cargo run --release --manifest-path build_datasets/Cargo.toml -- --null-check).
- Generated at (unix seconds): 1771173117
- NPI parquet:
data/output/npi.parquet - HCPCS parquet:
data/output/hcpcs.parquet
Notes:
null_countcounts actual Parquet nulls.empty_list_countcounts the literal string value"[]"(JSON-encoded empty list).
NPI (data/output/npi.parquet)
| column | rows_total | null_count | null_pct | empty_list_count | empty_list_pct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| error_message | 1802136 | 1799569 | 99.86% | 0 | 0.00% |
| other_names | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 1657485 | 91.97% |
| endpoints | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 1591727 | 88.32% |
| practice_locations | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 1480277 | 82.14% |
| identifiers | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 1208848 | 67.08% |
| addresses | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 20097 | 1.12% |
| taxonomies | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 20097 | 1.12% |
| basic | 1802136 | 4176 | 0.23% | 0 | 0.00% |
| results | 1802136 | 4065 | 0.23% | 111 | 0.01% |
| response_json | 1802136 | 2567 | 0.14% | 0 | 0.00% |
| api_run_id | 1802136 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| npi | 1802136 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| request_params | 1802136 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| requested_at_utc | 1802136 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| url | 1802136 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
HCPCS (data/output/hcpcs.parquet)
| column | rows_total | null_count | null_pct | empty_list_count | empty_list_pct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| error_message | 10881 | 6271 | 57.63% | 0 | 0.00% |
| ef_act_eff_dt | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_add_dt | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_is_noc | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_long_desc | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_obsolete | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_short_desc | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| ef_term_dt | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| response_codes | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| response_display | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 4610 | 42.37% |
| api_run_id | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| hcpcs_code | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| request_params | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| requested_at_utc | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| response_extra_fields | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| response_json | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| url | 10881 | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
Unmapped / Unresolved Identifier Counts
For the build that produced this dataset:
- NPI: 24,272 unique NPIs were not successfully mapped/resolved (15,012 request errors; 9,260
not_found).Many of these were invalid NPI identifiers (4,111 unique): 2,928 non-numeric, 971 wrong-length, 205 checksum-invalid (Luhn), and 7 placeholders.
Some NPIs have been inactive/deactivated in NPPES/NPI Registry (status can change over time); when present, check the registry payload for an active/inactive status (and/or NPPES deactivation fields) before treating an NPI as current.
Full format breakdown from triage:
inferred type count % meaning npi_luhn_valid20,161 83.06% looks like a well-formed NPI (10 digits + valid check digit) non_numeric2,928 12.06% contains non-digits (often needs upstream cleaning) numeric_wrong_len971 4.00% all digits but not 10 digits long npi_luhn_invalid205 0.84% 10 digits, but invalid Luhn check digit placeholder_or_invalid7 0.03% placeholder-like values (e.g., all zeros)
- HCPCS/CPT: 4,610 unique codes were not successfully mapped/resolved (4,608
not_found; 2 request errors).Full resolved/unresolved pattern breakdown from triage:
pattern family count % CPT_or_HCPCS_L1_5digit(5-digit CPT/HCPCS)2,169 47.05% HCPCS_level_II(A0000style)474 10.28% CDT(D####)449 9.74% CPT_category_II(####F)358 7.77% alphanum_5char_unknown310 6.72% revenue_code_4digit272 5.90% 4digit_plus_letter_other124 2.69% CPT_PLA(####U)110 2.39% CPT_category_III(####T)96 2.08% word_or_flag78 1.69% unknown57 1.24% HCPCS_L2_plus_modifier39 0.85% CPT_5digit_plus_modifier24 0.52% drg_like_3digit15 0.33% icd10pcs_like_7char11 0.24% modifier_2char7 0.15% numeric_6to8_unknown7 0.15% placeholder_or_invalid6 0.13% CDT_plus_suffix4 0.09% 458 unique codes were flagged by triage as "needs review" (e.g., flags/words, placeholders, or unknown alphanumeric patterns).
The 2 request errors are included in
unknown(for exampleH)015,NT/WKN).
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