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Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
terrify - trousers | [
"twig",
"theme"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since theme is between the guide words terrify - trousers, it would be found on that page. | |
What is the volume of a water pitcher? | [
"10 cups",
"10 fluid ounces",
"10 gallons"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a water pitcher is 10 cups.
10 fluid ounces is too little and 10 gallons is too much. |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Uncle Ron,",
"dear Uncle Ron,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Uncle Ron is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Is there a sentence fragment?
During the Precambrian period, most of Earth's life forms lived in oceans. Meanwhile, land masses were mostly devoid of life. | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify sentence fragments | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subjec... | There is not a sentence fragment. These are complete sentences because they express complete thoughts.
During the Precambrian period, most of Earth's life forms lived in oceans. Meanwhile, land masses were mostly devoid of life. | |
Would you find the word easily on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
edge - envy | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since easily is not between the guide words edge - envy, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which is a simple sentence? | [
"We can pack our bags tonight, or we can wait until morning.",
"The engine in the car makes a strange noise."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The first sentence is the simple sentence. It has one subject and predicate.
The engine in the car makes a strange noise. | |
Which announcement is more formal? | [
"The Centerville Law Firm is so happy to tell you . . .",
"The Centerville Law Firm is pleased to announce . . ."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The first announcement is more formal. It uses more elevated language (pleased to announce). The other announcement sounds more conversational (so happy). | |
Which object has the most thermal energy? | [
"a 100-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 47°C",
"a 100-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 62°C",
"a 100-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 56°C"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | All three cups of black tea have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 62°C cup of black tea is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy. |
Compare the motion of three motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at the highest speed? | [
"a motorboat that moved 210miles west in 5hours",
"a motorboat that moved 60miles east in 5hours",
"a motorboat that moved 70miles south in 5hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each motorboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each motorboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each motorboat moved for 5 hours. The motorboat that moved 210 miles moved the farthest distance in that time. So, that motorboat must have moved at the highest... | |
Which text uses the word factoid in its traditional sense? | [
"As a geneticist, Kelly dislikes many popular sci-fi movies because they often present audiences with factoids that misrepresent her field.",
"As a geneticist, Kelly enjoys watching science documentaries and sharing various factoids she's learned with her colleagues."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses factoid in its traditional sense: something made up presented as a true fact.
As a geneticist, Kelly dislikes many popular sci-fi movies because they often present audiences with factoids that misrepresent her field.
The first text uses factoid in its nontraditional sense: a trivial but true fact.
... | |
Is there a surplus or a shortage of plane tickets? | [
"surplus",
"shortage"
] | 1 | There are 160 seats on a flight from New York to Chicago. Tickets for the flight cost $340. At that price, 230 people want to buy a ticket. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Identify shortage and surplus | There is a surplus if there is too much for sale at a given price.
There is a shortage if there is not enough for sale at a given price.
Surpluses and shortages usually happen when people who are selling goods or services charge too much or too little.
When the price is too high, consumers will not want to buy much of ... | At the current price, there are not enough tickets for sale. There are 160 tickets for sale, but 230 people want to buy one.
So, there is a shortage of tickets. |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
How could Mia have anything insightful to say about foreign affairs? She grew up on a farm. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct",
"ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Mia cannot be insightful about foreign affairs because she grew up on a farm. This is a personal attack that isn't relevant to whether she knows about foreign affairs. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as ad hominem. | |
Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Your niece,\nJanet",
"Your Niece,\nJanet"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Complete the statement.
Chloroform is (). | [
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 0 | Chloroform was once used for pain relief. It is no longer used because it can be dangerous to humans. The chemical formula for chloroform is CHCl3. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using chemical formulas | Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For s... | You can tell whether chloroform is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for chloroform is CHCl3. This formula contains three symbols:... |
Compare the motion of two trains. Which train was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a train that moved 635kilometers in 5hours",
"a train that moved 605kilometers in 5hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each train moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One train moved 635 kilometers in 5 hours.
The other train moved 605 kilometers in 5 hours.
Notice that each train spent the same amount of time moving. The train that moved 635 kilometers moved a farther distance in that time. So, that t... | |
Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"Native gold is a pure substance. It is not made by living things.",
"A shark's tooth is not a pure substance. It is formed in nature.",
"Potassium feldspar is a pure substance. It is a solid."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Native gold is a mineral.
Potassium feldspar is a mineral.
A shark's tooth is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, a shark's tooth is not a mineral. | |
Based on this information, what is this fruit fly's genotype for the body color gene? | [
"BB",
"a gray body"
] | 0 | In a group of fruit flies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a black body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a gray body, and the allele b is for a black body.
A certain fruit fly from this group has a gray body. This fly has two alleles for a gray bod... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The fruit fly has two alleles for a gray body (B). So, the fly's genotype for the body color gene is BB. |
How long is a basketball court? | [
"30 yards",
"30 feet"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a basketball court is 30 yards.
30 feet is too short. |
Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"***Now You See Me***",
"\"Now You See Me\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A movie should be in italics.
The correct title is **Now You See Me**. | |
Complete the sentence.
The Fourth Amendment says that the government needs to have a good reason before it can () a person. | [
"hire",
"enslave",
"tax",
"search"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | civics | Government | The Bill of Rights | The Fourth Amendment says that the government needs to have a good reason before it can search a person or his or her property. The Fourth Amendment says that "unreasonable searches" are not allowed. It is not always clear what makes a search "unreasonable." But a search for no reason is definitely unreasonable! Police... | ||
Which statement describes the asteroid's motion? | [
"The asteroid has a constant velocity.",
"The asteroid is accelerating."
] | 0 | An asteroid is flying directly toward Mars at a steady speed. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Identify whether objects are accelerating | An object's velocity describes its speed and its direction.
An object has a constant velocity when neither its speed nor its direction is changing. So, an object has a constant velocity when the object is:
moving in a straight line at a constant speed, or
remaining motionless.
If an object does not have a constant velo... | The asteroid is moving in a straight line at a constant speed. So, the asteroid has a constant velocity. |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
You've reached Andy Conway's voice mail. Please leave a detailed message at the beep, and I will return your call at my earliest convenience. | [
"onomatopoeia",
"idiom"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Beep represents the sound that tells the caller to start recording a message. | |
What is the mass of an elephant? | [
"5,220 grams",
"5,220 kilograms"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an elephant is 5,220 kilograms.
5,220 grams is too light. |
Which word is not like the others? | [
"cent",
"dollar",
"penny",
"buy"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Which word is not like the others? | Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family. | Cent, penny, and dollar go together. They are money. Buy is not money, so it is not like the other words. | |
Select the one true statement. | [
"Chromosomes store nutrients, water, and waste in an animal cell.",
"The vacuoles of an animal cell use sunlight to make sugar.",
"In a plant cell, the endoplasmic reticulum helps ribosomes build proteins."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Cells | Compare cells and cell parts | |||
Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the flower position trait? | [
"terminal flowers",
"axial flowers"
] | 0 | This passage describes the flower position trait in pea plants:
In a group of pea plants, some individuals have axial flowers and others have terminal flowers. In this group, the gene for the flower position trait has two alleles. The allele for terminal flowers (f) is recessive to the allele for axial flowers (F).
A ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | The pea plant's genotype for the flower position gene is ff. The pea plant's genotype of ff has only f alleles. The f allele is for terminal flowers. So, the pea plant's phenotype for the flower position trait must be terminal flowers.
To check this answer, consider whether the pea plant's alleles are dominant or reces... |
What do these two changes have in common?
bending a paper clip
mixing sand and water | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Bending a paper clip is a physical change. After you bend it, the paper clip has a different shape. But it is still made of the same type of matter.
Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same type o... | |
Would you find the word tangle on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
throttle - truth | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade6 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since tangle is not between the guide words throttle - truth, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which word is not like the others? | [
"cent",
"dollar",
"penny",
"sell"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Which word is not like the others? | Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family. | Dollar, cent, and penny go together. They are money. Sell is not money, so it is not like the other words. | |
Is this a sentence fragment?
By the time the Guerra Bianca, or White War, ended in 1917, Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers fighting for three years in extreme conditions at altitudes of up to twelve thousand feet. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify sentence fragments | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subjec... | This is a sentence fragment. It does not express a complete thought.
By the time the Guerra Bianca, or White War, ended in 1917, Italian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers fighting for three years in extreme conditions at altitudes of up to twelve thousand feet.
Here is one way to fix the sentence fragment:
By the time the ... | |
What do these two changes have in common?
ice melting in a glass
molding clay into the shape of a pot | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Ice melting in a glass is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The solid ice becomes liquid, but it is still made of water. A different type of matter is not made.
Molding clay into the shape of a pot is a physical change. The clay gets a different shape. But it is made of th... | |
Which object has the most thermal energy? | [
"a 150-gram glass of water at a temperature of 42°F",
"a 150-gram glass of water at a temperature of 85°F",
"a 150-gram glass of water at a temperature of 56°F"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | All three glasses of water have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 85°F glass of water is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy. |
What is the temperature of a pot of boiling soup? | [
"215°C",
"215°F"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Estimate temperatures | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Temperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C). Use the list below to compare the two units.
212°F | Water boils | 100°C
98.6°F | Body temperature | 37°C
68°F ... | The better estimate for the temperature of a pot of boiling soup is 215°F.
215°C is too hot. |
Which text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense? | [
"Arianna decided to make escargots using the small snails from her garden, but she prepared them terribly. Since she'd forgotten to add garlic, the taste was disappointing.",
"Arianna made escargots using the small snails from her garden. She prepared them according to the recipe but found the chewy texture terri... | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.
Arianna decided to make escargots using the small snails from her garden, but she prepared them terribly. Since she'd forgotten to add garlic, the taste was disappointing.
The second text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; v... | |
Complete the statement.
Lithium chloride is (). | [
"an elementary substance",
"a compound"
] | 1 | Lithium chloride can be used to create red fireworks. The chemical formula for lithium chloride is LiCl. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using chemical formulas | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | You can tell whether lithium chloride is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of atomic symbols in its chemical formula. An atomic symbol consists of either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for lithium chloride, LiCl, contains ... |
Select the invertebrate. | [
"pipevine swallowtail butterfly",
"human",
"whiptail lizard",
"cockatoo"
] | 0 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms are invertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | A whiptail lizard is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a whiptail lizard is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A cockatoo is a bird. Like other birds, a cockatoo is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A human is a mammal. Like other mammals, a human is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A pipevine swallowtail butterfly is an in... |
What is the volume of a large soup pot? | [
"6 liters",
"6 milliliters"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.... | The better estimate for the volume of a large soup pot is 6 liters.
6 milliliters is too little. |
Which would stretch more? | [
"rock",
"nylon swim shorts"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Stretchy is a property. A stretchy material gets longer when you pull on it.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pulling on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts would stretch more. If you pull the leg opening on a pair of nylon swim shorts, it will get wider. | |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear dr. McKnight,",
"Dear Dr. McKnight,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. McKnight is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
an old sandwich rotting in a trashcan
baking cookies | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
A sandwich rotting is a chemical change. The matter in the sandwich breaks down and slowly turns into a different type of matter.
Baking cookies is a chemical change. The type of matter in the cookie dough changes when it is baked. The cookie dough turns into cookies!
Step 2: Look at ea... | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Ben says that he would not be the person he is today were it not for his childhood, which he describes as Dickensian. | [
"a song",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Dickensian is literature.
The works of British author Charles Dickens often featured characters struggling to survive in settings such as debtors' prisons and orphanages.
The allusion Dickensian means harsh or poverty-stricken. | |
Select the amphibian. | [
"black howler",
"red-headed poison frog",
"salmon",
"thresher shark"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. | A red-headed poison frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous.
A black howler is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Howler monkeys have loud calls, or howls. Their... | |
What do these two changes have in common?
water evaporating from a lake
dry ice sublimating and becoming a gas | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Water evaporating from a lake is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. When dry ice gets warm, it changes state and becomes carbon dioxide gas. This change of state, f... | |
Last year, 50,000 people lived in the city of Riverside. But since then, 8,000 people have moved away. What probably happened to the overall supply of houses for sale in Riverside? | [
"The supply probably went down.",
"The supply probably went up."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | The population of Riverside fell by 8,000 people. Many of the people who have left are probably trying to sell their houses. Since more people are trying to sell their houses, the number of suppliers of houses for sale in Riverside has gone up. So, the supply of houses for sale probably went up, too. | |
Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a 125-gram glass of grape juice at a temperature of 5°C",
"a 125-gram glass of grape juice at a temperature of 20°C"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two glasses of grape juice have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 20°C glass of grape juice is hotter than the 5°C glass of grape juice, it has more thermal energy. |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
The number of off-leash dogs I've seen in Silvergrove is completely unacceptable. Let's make our streets safe again by addressing this dog problem, before our city becomes a haven for criminals. | [
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist",
"red herring: the use of a completely unrelated topic or idea"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that off-leash dogs would somehow cause an increase in crime in Silvergrove. However, these two ideas aren't related. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a red herring. | |
Is there a sentence fragment?
Spring and fall—the best times to enjoy the lake and avoid the crowds of summer. No fees or permits are required then. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify sentence fragments | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subjec... | There is a sentence fragment that does not express a complete thought.
Spring and fall—the best times to enjoy the lake and avoid the crowds of summer. No fees or permits are required then.
Here is one way to fix the sentence fragment:
Spring and fall are the best times to enjoy the lake and avoid the crowds of summer.... | |
Which change best matches the sentence?
A large amount of rock and soil tumbles down a slope. | [
"deposition",
"landslide",
"drought"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface II | |||
What kind of sentence is this?
Tiana put a bandage on my cut. | [
"declarative",
"interrogative"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"The corridor in the basement was dark and damp, so Lauren put on a sweater and found a flashlight.",
"Rosanne and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
aft... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction so.
The corridor in the basement was dark and damp, so Lauren put on a sweater and found a flashlight. | |
What does the idiom in this text suggest?
In such an unfamiliar environment, Oliver was a fish out of water. | [
"Oliver didn't have any friends.",
"Oliver felt out of place."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom a fish out of water suggests that Oliver felt out of place. A fish out of water is someone out of his or her usual, comfortable environment. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Red velvet cupcakes were Jenny's Achilles's heel when she was trying to eat more healthily. | [
"Greek mythology",
"a movie"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Achilles's heel is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Achilles's mother dips him in a river that protects his body wherever it touches. His heel does not get wet, so it is the one part of his body left unprotected. During the Trojan War, an arrow hits Achilles in the heel and kills him.
The... | |
What is the volume of a water pitcher? | [
"12 cups",
"12 fluid ounces",
"12 gallons"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a water pitcher is 12 cups.
12 fluid ounces is too little and 12 gallons is too much. |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Zach and his best friend go to the same college, but he is graduating this coming June.",
"Zach and his best friend go to the same college, but Zach is graduating this coming June."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun he could refer to Zach or his best friend.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. He has been replaced with Zach.
Zach and his best friend go to the same college, but Zach is graduating this coming Jun... | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Yesterday's tennis match was a classic David and Goliath story, with Jayce playing against his former team captain, Tamir. | [
"the Bible",
"a poem"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion David and Goliath is the Bible.
In the Bible, a young man named David slays Goliath, a giant and champion warrior, using nothing more than a sling and a stone.
The allusion David and Goliath means involving unequal rivals. | |
Based on this information, what is Henry's phenotype for the leg color trait? | [
"yellow legs",
"ll"
] | 0 | In a group of chickens, some individuals have white legs and others have yellow legs. In this group, the gene for the leg color trait has two alleles. The allele L is for white legs, and the allele l is for yellow legs.
Henry, a chicken from this group, has yellow legs. Henry has two alleles for yellow legs. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Henry's observable version of the leg color trait is yellow legs. So, Henry's phenotype for the leg color trait is yellow legs. |
What information supports the conclusion that Philip inherited this trait? | [
"Philip's mother cuts his hair every month.",
"Philip's parents have blond hair. They passed down this trait to Philip."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Philip has blond hair. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
We were expecting twenty guests, but only ten came. We had enough extra food to feed the entire town! | [
"hyperbole",
"euphemism"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
Feed the entire town is an exaggeration, since it's unlikely that there would be enough food to feed the number of people who live in a town. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Wesley inherited this trait? | [
"Wesley's parents were born with straight hair. They passed down this trait to Wesley.",
"Wesley and his father both have short hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Wesley has straight hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"Hornblende is formed in nature. It is a pure substance.",
"Diamond is a pure substance. It is formed in nature.",
"Candle wax is not a pure substance. It is made by humans."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Candle wax is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
Candle wax is made by humans. But minerals are not made by living things.
So, candle wax is not a minera... | |
Which type of sentence is this?
An avid reader, Jared attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | [
"simple",
"compound-complex",
"complex",
"compound"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
An avid reader, Jared attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Pedro acquired this trait? | [
"Pedro is most interested in American history.",
"Pedro learned history by reading."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Pedro knows a lot about history. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Rosa needs a new pair of shoes. | [
"past tense",
"present tense",
"future tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, needs. The verb ends in -s and tells you about something that is true or happening now. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Colton has naturally dark skin. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1 | Hint: Humans are born with their skin color. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Humans do not choose their skin color. Babies get their skin color from their parents. So, Colton's skin color is an inherited trait. |
Select the one true statement. | [
"The cell membrane stores nutrients, water, and waste in a plant cell.",
"In animal cells, lysosomes break down waste and worn-out cell parts.",
"The endoplasmic reticulum breaks down sugar to release energy that an animal cell can use."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Cells | Compare cells and cell parts | |||
What information supports the conclusion that Lester acquired this trait? | [
"Lester can cook food over a fire.",
"Lester learned how to build a fire at summer camp."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Lester knows how to build a fire. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
A drought has made this year's tomato harvest smaller than usual. What will probably happen to the overall supply of tomato sauce? | [
"The supply will probably go up.",
"The supply will probably go down."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Since the tomato harvest was smaller than usual, tomatoes will be harder to get. Because tomatoes are a resource for making tomato sauce, tomato sauce will be harder to make. So, the supply of tomato sauce will probably go down. | |
Select the elementary substance. | [
"hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)",
"magnesium (Mg)",
"hydrazine (N2H4)"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Identify elementary substances and compounds using chemical formulas | Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For s... | Look at the chemical formula for each substance, and count the number of symbols in the formula. Then, decide if the substance is an elementary substance. The chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide contains two symbols: H for hydrogen and O for oxygen. So, hydrogen peroxide is made of two chemical elements bonded toget... | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Shelby's phone slipped out of her pocket, landing in the toilet with a plop. | [
"verbal irony",
"onomatopoeia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Plop represents the sound of the phone landing in the toilet. | |
What is the mass of an elephant? | [
"4,630 kilograms",
"4,630 grams"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an elephant is 4,630 kilograms.
4,630 grams is too light. |
What kind of sentence is this?
Do you know Bernard from soccer camp, or do you have another connection with him? | [
"interrogative",
"exclamatory",
"declarative"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence. | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Kelly investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does a plastic sled or a wooden sled go down a hill faster?",
"Does a rubber inner tube sled go faster down a small hill or down a big hill?",
"Does a rubber inner tube sled or a plastic sled go faster down a hill?"
] | 2 | Kelly is sledding with her friends. She notices that some of them go faster down the sledding hill. She wonders what factors affect sledding speed. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
access to a small snow-covered hill at the park
a small plastic sled
a large plastic sled... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Suppose Nina decides to see the tamarins. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Nina will spend more time walking to the tamarins. They are on the other side of the zoo, but the vultures are close by.",
"Nina will enjoy seeing the tamarins more than she would have enjoyed seeing the vultures."
] | 0 | Nina is deciding whether to see the tamarins or the vultures at the zoo. She wants to see lots of animals, but the zoo is closing soon. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Nina wants or needs:
Nina will spend more time walking to the tamarins. They are on the other side of the zoo, but the vultures are close by. |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
That teenager just ran a stop sign! That settles it: teenagers are bad drivers. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself",
"hasty generalization: a broad claim based on too few observations"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that a single teenager running a stop sign indicates that all young people are bad drivers. However, a single observation is usually not enough to draw a conclusion about a much bigger group of people. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a hasty generalization. | |
Complete the statement. Assume that the water balloon's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Earth () as the water balloon fell toward Richard. | [
"stayed the same",
"decreased",
"increased"
] | 1 | Read the text about an object in motion.
Adriana dropped a water balloon off a balcony. The water balloon fell toward her friend Richard, who was standing below the balcony. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth changed.
Richard was lower than the balcony. As the water balloon fell toward Richard, the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Eart... |
Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a 175-gram baked potato at a temperature of 55°C",
"a 175-gram baked potato at a temperature of 65°C"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two baked potatoes have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 65°C potato is hotter than the 55°C potato, it has more thermal energy. |
The city of Danville has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Danville's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops? | [
"The supply will probably go up.",
"The supply will probably go down."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Danville. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
It's an open secret that Johnny is writing a book based on his experiences living in Singapore. He never talks about it, but almost all his friends know. | [
"apostrophe",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Open secret is a contradiction, because open describes something that is freely or publicly known, and a secret is hidden. | |
How long does it take to fly across the United States in an airplane? | [
"7 minutes",
"7 hours"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to fly across the United States in an airplane is 7 hours.
7 minutes is too fast. |
How long is a hiking trail? | [
"3 miles",
"3 inches",
"3 yards"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a hiking trail is 3 miles.
3 inches and 3 yards are both too short. |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
"Your new hairstyle is so boring!" Dean remarked when his sister showed up with a pink-and-blue mohawk. | [
"verbal irony",
"simile"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Boring shows verbal irony because Dean's sister's hairstyle is not at all boring. | |
Which is a run-on sentence? | [
"Tracy is from Dover now she lives in Ashland.",
"The explorers nervously entered the dark cave."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | Tracy is from Dover now she lives in Ashland is a run-on sentence. It has two sentences that are joined without end punctuation: Tracy is from Dover and Now she lives in Ashland. | |
Based on this information, what is Franklin's phenotype for the coat pattern trait? | [
"solid coloring",
"Aa"
] | 0 | In a group of cows, some individuals have solid coloring and others have white spots. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele A is for solid coloring, and the allele a is for white spots.
Franklin, a cow from this group, has solid coloring. Franklin has one allele for solid colori... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Franklin's observable version of the coat pattern trait is solid coloring. So, Franklin's phenotype for the coat pattern trait is solid coloring. |
Which organ is a muscular tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach? | [
"small intestine",
"large intestine",
"heart",
"esophagus"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Animals | Human organs and their functions | |||
The city of Greenville has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Greenville's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops? | [
"The supply will probably go down.",
"The supply will probably go up."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Greenville. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down. | |
Which type of sentence is this?
Matthew always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | [
"complex",
"compound-complex",
"compound",
"simple"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
Matthew always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | |
Select the one animal that has all of the fish traits listed above. | [
"Cardinalfish have scaly skin and live near coral reefs. Cardinalfish lay eggs with no shells and have fins that help them swim underwater.",
"Red salamanders do not have lungs! They can breathe through their moist, smooth skin. Adult red salamanders live near rivers or ponds. They lay eggs with no shells under r... | 0 | Fish are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify fish:
They have fins, not limbs.
They make eggs with no shells. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Fish have the following traits:
They have fins, not limbs.
They make eggs with no shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A red salamander has the following traits... |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Mitch's definitely voting for the Conservative Party in the next election because he said there was no way he was voting for the Labour Party. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist",
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Mitch is voting either for the candidate from the Conservative Party or the Labour Party. However, Mitch might be voting for a third party—or he might not be voting at all. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a false dichotomy. | |
Which change best matches the sentence?
A large amount of soil and rock quickly rolls down a hillside. | [
"meteorite crash",
"landslide",
"deposition"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface II | |||
Using only these supplies, which question can Pam investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do scented candles or unscented candles produce more smoke?",
"Do large candles or small candles produce more smoke?",
"Do candles with thick wicks or with thin wicks produce more smoke?"
] | 2 | Pam is burning some new candles. She notices that they produce different amounts of smoke. She wonders what factors affect how much smoke a candle produces. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
two large unscented candles with thick wicks
two large unscented candles with th... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Quinn investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does a catapult with a longer arm launch a rubber ball farther than a catapult with a shorter arm?",
"Does a heavier ball travel farther than a lighter ball when launched from a catapult?",
"Does a rubber ball travel farther when launched from a metal catapult or from a wooden catapult?"
] | 0 | Quinn visits a museum about ancient Greece. She notices an exhibit with models of wooden catapults that were used to launch large rocks across battlefields. She wonders what factors affect how far a catapult can launch an object. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
a wooden ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
How long is an adult alligator? | [
"10 yards",
"10 inches",
"10 feet"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of an adult alligator is 10 feet.
10 inches is too short and 10 yards is too long. |
Is a trumpet a good or a service? | [
"a good",
"a service"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | economics | Economics | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether a trumpet is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a trumpet something you can touch? Yes.
Is a trumpet a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a trumpet is a good. | |
Select the invertebrate. | [
"jumping spider",
"asp viper",
"sheep",
"harbor seal"
] | 0 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms are invertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | Like other spiders, a jumping spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A sheep is a mammal. Like other mammals, a sheep is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
An asp viper is a reptile. Like other reptiles, an asp viper is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A harbor seal is a mammal. Li... |
Which word is not like the others? | [
"desk",
"shovel",
"saw",
"hammer"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Which word is not like the others? | Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family. | Saw, hammer, and shovel go together. They are tools. Desk is not a tool, so it is not like the other words. | |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Steven,",
"dear Steven,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Steven is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Duncan's recent behavior made his parents begin to see his friend Kirk as some sort of Svengali. | [
"modern history",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion Svengali is literature.
In George du Maurier's novel Trilby, Svengali is a hypnotist who exerts such power over the central character that she is suddenly able to sing, which she was unable to do before.
The allusion Svengali means a person with an unduly strong influence over someone else. | |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The stars () in the midnight sky. | [
"glistened",
"danced"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word danced. It describes the stars as if they were lively, dancing people. | |
Which type of sentence is this?
An avid reader, Mike attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | [
"compound-complex",
"simple",
"complex",
"compound"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
An avid reader, Mike attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month. | |
Which would smell more? | [
"soap",
"icicle"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Smelly is a property. A smelly material has a strong smell.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine smelling the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the soap would smell more. Dish soap has a strong smell. |
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