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1,477,468,751,381 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fundamental geometric objects which have been intensely studied in recent years
are \emph{wave maps}. These maps satisfy a \lq manifold valued wave equation' and can be seen as geometric generalizations
of solutions to the standard linear wave equation on flat Minkowski space. Wave maps are de... |
1,477,468,751,382 | arxiv | \section{Impact on Astrophysical Analyses}
\label{sec:astrophysics}
Systematic errors in Advanced LIGO’s calibrated data, such as those introduced by not compensating for the time-dependence of some calibration model parameters, have the potential to impact astrophysical results that flow from the reconstructed strain... |
1,477,468,751,383 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}
Many times, people get involved in discussions about
certain issues that don't arise only from their own daily
experiences, in the sense that these seem to behoove
the social group to which they belong, such as discussions
about their country's macro economy, regional... |
1,477,468,751,384 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The ability of biological systems to learn and adapt to their environment is key for survival.
This learning ability is expressed mainly as the change in strength of the synapses that connect neurons, to adapt the structure and function of the underlying network.
The neural sub... |
1,477,468,751,385 | arxiv |
\section{Discussion}
\label{ssec:keyobservation}
\subsection{Key Observation from Layer and Neuron Analysis:}
\paragraph{\textbf{Number of neurons and the task complexity}:}
We noticed that the simple properties, such as gender and channel, requires less neurons (as little as 1\% neurons of the network) to capture... |
1,477,468,751,386 | arxiv | \subsection*{Question} Let $\mathcal{GI}$ and $\mathcal{GP}$ denote the classes of Gorenstein injective and Gorenstein projective modules, respectively. There is a ``Gorenstein version'' of the aforementioned recollements in \cite{Gil16}, i.e. $\xymatrix{
\mathbf{K}_{ex}(\mathcal{GI})\ar[r]^{} & \mathbf{K}(\mathcal{GI... |
1,477,468,751,387 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Rapidly evolving technologies create a continuous demand for solid-state materials with one or more functionalities tailored for specific applications. An important category of single-phase multifunctional materials is that of magnetoelectric multiferroics that possess spontaneous coexisting ma... |
1,477,468,751,388 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subfile{sections/Introduction.tex}
\section{Methods}
\subfile{sections/Methods.tex}
\section{Results}\label{sec:results}
\subfile{sections/Results.tex}
\section{Discussion}
\subfile{sections/Discussion.tex}
\section{Conclusions}
\subfile{sections/Conclusion.tex}
\section{Disclaimer}
This docu... |
1,477,468,751,389 | arxiv | \section*{Abridged English version}
\selectlanguage{francais}
\section{D\'eriv\'ee stochastique dynamique}
\label{}
On note $I:=]a,b[$ o\`u $a<b$ et $J:=[a,b]$ l'adh\'erence de $I$
dans $\mathbb{R}$. Soit $\mathbb{K}$ un corps et $d\in\mathbb{N}^*$. On se donne un espace
probabilis\'e $(\Omega,\mathcal{A},P)$ sur ... |
1,477,468,751,390 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Evolutionary game theory is a broadly used framework to understand how cooperation emerges among selfish individuals who would prefer defection individually \cite{sigmund2010calculus}. This conflict is the key obstacle when life steps onto a higher level at different stages of evolution \cite{now... |
1,477,468,751,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is an increasing concern amongst researches that machine learning models developed with the best of intentions may exhibit biases, promote inequality, or perform unfairly for unprivileged groups. With the increasing usage of such models, a considerable amount of research has been conducted ... |
1,477,468,751,392 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $F$ be a countable field and let $\phi \in F[x]$ have zero constant term.
Given a measure preserving action $T$ of the additive group of $F$ on a probability space $(X,\mathscr{B},\mu)$, a set $B \in \mathscr{B}$ and $\epsilon > 0$, we will show that, for any $\epsilon > 0$ the set
\begi... |
1,477,468,751,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To give a definition of quantum field theories beyond perturbation theory
(Feynman diagrams) they normally have to be regularized by replacing space and
usually also time by a lattice. Then the functional integral becomes a
well-defined object and thus amenable to numerical methods, usually in t... |
1,477,468,751,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The class of bihamiltonian integrable hierarchies which possess hydrodynamic limits plays an important role in the study of Gromov--Witten invariants,
2D topological field theory, and other research fields of mathematical physics. In \cite{DZ-NF} the first- and third-named authors of the present ... |
1,477,468,751,395 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum transport of relativistic electrons in topological semimetals has been an issue of great interest in topological materials' science \cite{armitage18a}.
In such materials, the quantum state of the Dirac or Weyl electrons is strongly coupled to the crystal symmetry,
and hence the engineer... |
1,477,468,751,396 | arxiv | \section*{References}
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Steurer}(2004)}]{Steurer2004}%
\BibitemOpen
\bibfield {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.}~\bibnamefont
{Steurer}},\ }\href {\doibase 10.1524/zkri.219.7.391.35643} {\bibfield
{journal} {\bibinfo {journal} {Z.\ Kristallogr.}\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
{volu... |
1,477,468,751,397 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Magnetism is an inherently quantum mechanical effect that ultimately
arises from the exchange processes in an interacting many-particle
quantum system. Thus, magnetic systems can reveal much about the
richness of quantum mechanics itself, especially when cooperative
effects are ope... |
1,477,468,751,398 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $N$ be a compact subinterval of either $\mathbb{R}$ or the circle $S^1$, and let $f:N\to N$ be piecewise
continuous. We say that a subinterval $J\subset N$ is a {\it wandering interval} of the map $f$ if the forward iterates $f^n(J)$, $n=0,1,2,\ldots$ are pairwise disjoint intervals, each no... |
1,477,468,751,399 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is the logical continuation of Ref.\,[\onlinecite{PRB1}],
referred to as Part I henceforth. In Part I, we described a method for the exact
diagonalization of clean systems of independent fermions subject to arbitrary
boundary conditions (BCs), and illustrated its application in seve... |
1,477,468,751,400 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Type Iax supernovae (SNe) are low luminosity and less energetic cousins of Type Ia SNe \citep{2003PASP..115..453L,2013ApJ...767...57F}. Type Iax SNe are known to have a wide range of luminosities (M$_{r}$ = $-$12.7 mag, \citealt{Karambelkar_2021} to M$_{V}$ = $-$18.4 mag, ... |
1,477,468,751,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In December 2018, New York became the first city in the U.S. to adopt a minimum wage for drivers working for app-based transportation network companies (TNCs) like Uber and Lyft. The New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission (NYTLC) established a ``minimum per-trip payment formula'' that ga... |
1,477,468,751,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Word embedding models such as Skip-gram \cite{DBLP:conf/nips/MikolovSCCD13} and GloVe \cite{glove2014} use fixed-dimensional vectors to represent the meaning of words. These word vectors essentially capture a kind of similarity structure, which has proven to be useful in a wide range of Natural L... |
1,477,468,751,403 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thermoelectric (TE) devices are highly desirable since they can directly convert between thermal and electrical energy. Electrical power can be supplied to such a device to either heat or cool adjoining reservoirs (Peltier effect) or alternatively, the flow of heat (e.g. from a factory or car ... |
1,477,468,751,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The effect of random disorder on otherwise well-understood statistical mechanical problems is an important topic, going back to the Ising model \cite{Watson1969}.
The study of the lattice polymer model on randomly diluted lattices goes back almost as far and has been closely r... |
1,477,468,751,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a nearly critical system, a local defect that prefers the ordered phase can induce the
nucleation of a droplet of local order in the nonordered background. Such droplets arise,
e.g., in disordered systems due to the presence of rare strongly coupled spatial regions.
They can have surprisingly... |
1,477,468,751,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sec:1}
Symplectic maps represent the discrete-time analogues of Hamiltonian dynamical systems ~\cite{Meiss1992RMP} which have a wide range of applications, for instance in the study of magnetic fields~\cite{Morrison2000PhysPlas} and fluid dynamics~\cite{Aref1984JFM}. Such systems often disp... |
1,477,468,751,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Many cases require the decision-maker to rank alternatives according to multiple decision criteria. When this decision requires dealing with a significant amount of data, methods of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) arise as an interesting tool~\cite{roy1985met... |
1,477,468,751,408 | arxiv | \section{Binary aggregation (without abstention)} \label{appendix:binary}
The formalism of choice for this paper is binary aggregation \cite{grandi13lifting}.
A binary aggregation structure (\emph{BA structure}) is a tuple $\S = \tuple{N,{\bf P},\gamma}$ where:
\begin{itemize}
\item $N = \set{1,\dots,n}$ is a finite s... |
1,477,468,751,409 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The nature of phase separation and criticality in ionic fluids with
the dominant Coulomb interactions (e.g., molten salts and
electrolytes in solvents of low dielectric constant) has been an
outstanding experimental and theoretical issue for many years.
Electrostatic correlations are also know... |
1,477,468,751,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many materials in nature are highly heterogeneous and their properties can vary at different scales.
Direct numerical simulations in such multiscale media are prohibitively expensive and some type
of model reduction is needed.
Multiscale approaches such as homogenization and numerical hom... |
1,477,468,751,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Industrial robots are mainly designed to perform repetitive tasks in controlled environments. Recent years have seen increasing interest in deploying service robots to human-centric environments. In such unstructured settings, object grasping is a challenging task due to the high demand for real... |
1,477,468,751,412 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
According to \cite[Page~3]{16PFinHB},
most studies have found
Cattell's comprehensive 16-Personality-Factor (16PF) Profiles \cite{16PF_Questionnaire}
``to be among the top five most commonly used normal-range instruments in both research and practice''
with culturally adapted translat... |
1,477,468,751,413 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:1}
As a major part of beyond 5G (B5G) or 6G network scenarios, autonomous urban aerial mobility (UAM) systems are widely and actively discussed by industry and academia~\cite{nm20saad}. Based on these huge interests, many research contributions are available nowadays in terms of UAM tra... |
1,477,468,751,414 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
As a powerful tool of machine learning, an artificial neural network (ANN) can closely approximate any function with multiple hidden-layer nodes and nonlinear activation functions \cite{Goodfellow-et-al-2016}. Owing to its capability of universal approximation \cite{HORNIK19... |
1,477,468,751,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider the usual fixed-design linear regression model:
\[Y = X\beta + \epsilon,\]
where $X$ is the fixed design matrix and $(\epsilon_{i})_{i \in \mathbb{Z}}$ is a stationary process. This model is commonly used in time series regression.
Our work is based on the paper by Hannan \cite{han... |
1,477,468,751,416 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Over the past years, the microblogging platform Twitter has become one of the most popular social networks on the Web. Users can build a network of follower connections to other Twitter users, which means that they can subscribe to content posted by their \textit{followees} \ci... |
1,477,468,751,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{s:intro}
The highly nonlinear behavior of fluids is an endless source of fascination and challenges
to our understanding. Much mathematical analysis can only deal with models of smooth,
rather quiescent flows.
Yet some of the most powerful and dramatic fluid phenomena are associated wi... |
1,477,468,751,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:intro}
This paper provides a new approach to the investigation of \textit{Cauchy data spaces} (made of the normal traces at the boundary up to the order $d-1$ of the kernel of elliptic differential operators of order $d\ge 1$, that can be obtained as images of certain pseudo-differential... |
1,477,468,751,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
Satellite communication systems have been greatly developing in the domain of broadcasting, navigation, rescue, and disaster relief because of their potentiality to provide wide coverage and achieve high data rate transmission \cite{7230282}.
For most cases in previous ... |
1,477,468,751,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given a Riemannian manifold $(M, \mathrm{g})$, its Ricci tensor $\operatorname{Ric}_\mathrm{g}$ is also a symmetric 2-tensor, and hence \emph{locally} (i.e. at each point) there is a basis that diagonalizes $\operatorname{Ric}_\mathrm{g}$ at that point. In this article we study the problem of dia... |
1,477,468,751,421 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The precise determination of the element $|V_{ub}|$ of the CKM matrix is an
important test of the flavour structure of the Standard Model (SM) and is crucial
in the indirect search for New Physics.
The latest global fit to the Unitarity Triangle (UT) including
all flavour changing observables b... |
1,477,468,751,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cloud radio access networks (CRAN) are expected to be the core new network architecture in next generation mobile radio systems \cite{Andrews_Buzzi_Choi_Hanly_Lozano_Soong_Zhang}. To support the ever increasing demand for high-speed data, base-stations are increasingly deployed in smaller cell... |
1,477,468,751,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Relativistic heavy ion collisions are an abundant source of strangeness. As strange
quarks have to be newly produced during the hot and dense stage of the collision,
they are thought of carrying information on the properties of the matter that was
created \cite{Koch:1986ud}. Together wit... |
1,477,468,751,424 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec: intro}
Many investigations of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and similar strongly-interacting models concentrate on a direct extraction of physical observables present
in these theories, see e.\,g.~\cite{Aoki:2016frl, Eichmann:2016yit} and references therein.~However, during the last f... |
1,477,468,751,425 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Recently, we have shown that layered sine-Gordon type models
are probably not suitable for the description of Josephson-coupled
layered superconductors, because the linear, confining potential
that binds the vortices together cannot be obtained from the
interaction of the topological e... |
1,477,468,751,426 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The epoch of reionization was a landmark event in the history of the Universe when the cumulative number of ionizing photons escaping from the first stars, galaxies, and quasars surpassed the number of hydrogen atoms in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Our knowledge of reionization is bounded by ... |
1,477,468,751,427 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{abstract}
A seminal work of \cite{jacot2018neural} demonstrated that training a neural network under certain parameterization is equivalent to performing a certain kernel method as width goes to infinity.
This equivalence opened a promising direction of applying results of... |
1,477,468,751,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study the detection of almost monochromatic gravitational waves
emitted by known single pulsars in data collected by a detector.
Several such searches were already performed with data collected
by the LIGO and GEO600 detectors \cite{LSC04,LSC05,LSC07,LSC08,LSC10}.
We thus assume that the freq... |
1,477,468,751,429 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Strong coupling between spin, lattice, and orbital degrees of freedom in
functional transition metal oxide compounds results in rich behavior such as
the tendency for cooperative Jahn-Teller\cite{dunitz_1957} and spin-Peierls
distortions.\cite{beni_1972} Such coupling between the different degre... |
1,477,468,751,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As is well known from numerous experiments, nuclear $\beta^{-}-$decay in few- and many-electron atoms often proceeds with an `additional' atomic ionization. The general
equation of this process can be written as (see, e.g., \cite{Blat}, \cite{Fro05})
\begin{equation}
X \rightarrow Y^{2+}... |
1,477,468,751,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Newton's third law is a central pillar of physics. Much of what we
know about the dynamical evolution of galaxies comes from $N$-body
simulation, but most $N$-body codes use approximations that break the
third law.
A well-known example of the consequences of breaking it is provided by
the sinki... |
1,477,468,751,432 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is important to understand the dynamics of higher-dimensional black objects, since it tells us much about the nature of higher-dimensional gravitational theories and their holographically dual quantum field theories. The strong non-linearity of gravity, however, usually prevents us from und... |
1,477,468,751,433 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $n, k$ be positive integers such that $k\leq n$ and let $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots, n\}$. A family of $k$-subsets of $[n]$ is said to be \emph{intersecting} if the intersection of any two $k$-subsets in the family is non-empty. The Erd{\H o}s-Ko-Rado (EKR) theorem is a classical result in extrema... |
1,477,468,751,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A classical result for $2d$-Ricci flow states that any metric on a $2$-surface converges under renormalized Ricci flow to a metric of constant scalar curvature: This was first proven by Hamilton \cite{hamilton1}. In the case of surfaces of genus $0$ this was initially proven for metrics of stri... |
1,477,468,751,435 | arxiv | \section*{SECTION HEADINGS}).
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Though it is typically the first proof-based course most students experience, linear algebra is also \edits{an important topic that is used to solve problems in a wide variety of fields}.
This is why, at many universities, the course is a requirement for a large ... |
1,477,468,751,436 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
ChemXSeer is a digital library and data repository for the Chemoinformatics and Computational Chemistry domains~\cite{Mitra:2007:CDL:1317353.1317356}. It currently offers search functionalities on papers and formulae, CHARMM calculation data and Gaussian computation data, and al... |
1,477,468,751,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The presence of heavy elements in the atmosphere of many cool white dwarfs is attributed
to circumstellar debris that are continuously or intermittently accreted onto the white dwarf surface \citep[see][]{zuc2003}.
Questions remain as to the phase and composition of the accreted material and its... |
1,477,468,751,438 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
We start with the definition of an infinitely divisible random measure, cf. \cite{RR89}, pp.~454. Let $E$ be an arbitrary non-empty set and $\mathcal{D}$ be a $\delta$-ring (i.~e. a ring which is closed under countable intersections) of subsets of $E$ such that there exists an increasing sequen... |
1,477,468,751,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The representation theory of the De Concini-Kac type specialization of a quantized enveloping algebra at a root of unity was initiated by De Concini-Kac \cite{DK}.
It is quite different from and much more complicated than the generic parameter case.
A special feature at a root of unity is that
t... |
1,477,468,751,440 | arxiv | \section{
\section{Introduction
Low-mass stars have main-sequence masses of $M_{\star}\simeq0.08-2$~M$_{\sun}$,
and are classified with spectral types of M7--A5 (e.g. \citealp{stahler2005}).
The formation process of these types of stars begins when the parent molecular
cloud core undergoes gravitational collapse ... |
1,477,468,751,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For hunting the $CP$-violating of the new physics effects beyond the Standard Model (SM), the three body $B$ meson decays are caught much attentions both in the theoreties and the experiments. Due to the exceptional progress of the experiments, many non-leptonic three body $B$ meson decays have ... |
1,477,468,751,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph, i.e., no self-loops and
multiple edges, and we call it an
$(n,q)$-graph if $|V|=n$ and $|E|=q$.
We denote the number of connected $(n,q)$-graphs by
$f(n,q)$.
Connected $(n,n-1)$-graphs are \textit{spanning trees} in
the complete graph $K_n$ over $n$ vertices
... |
1,477,468,751,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classical action of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is close to being conformally invariant. The only dimensionful coupling constants it features are given by the Higgs mass and its vacuum expectation value (vev), the latter setting the scale of electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking ... |
1,477,468,751,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Phase-ordering dynamics after a cosmological phase transition
may explain the origin of structure in our universe \cite {ShelVil}.
Our interest is in the role of one class of theories - cosmic strings
\cite {HindKib}.
Recent attention has focused on cosmic strings formed during the
breaking of... |
1,477,468,751,445 | arxiv | |
1,477,468,751,446 | arxiv | \section{Symmetry between the contraction process and the expansion process}
\section{}
Eq.~\ref{eq:exactSoln} gives the following expression for the transition probability from $\vert m^A\rangle$ to $\vert n^B\rangle$ during the expansion process:
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
&P(n^B \vert m^A) =\left \vert \sum_{l=... |
1,477,468,751,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent \textit{\textbf{Introduction.}}---The observed cosmological constant (CC), $\Lambda\simeq (2\times 10^{-3}\,{\rm eV})^4$~\cite{Planck:2018vyg}, is one of biggest mysteries in nature. One may ask a natural question: is it a constant or potential energy of a scalar boson field?
In this... |
1,477,468,751,448 | arxiv |
\chapter{QFA data set sample, solving the logistic growth model and random effects model R code\label{cha:appendix_A}}
\section{\label{app:QFA_set_sam}\emph{cdc13-1} Quantitative Fitness Analysis data set sample}
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=14cm]{img/data}
\caption[\emph{cdc13-1} QFA... |
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