# Having trouble importing speechbrain.inference

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**Category:** Beginners\
**Created:** [January 12, 2026, 6:18pm UTC](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fhaving-trouble-importing-speechbrain-inference%2F172402 "2026-01-12T18:18:39Z")\
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**Author:** ![Trepats](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/8e7dd6/32.png) [@Trepats](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Fu%2FTrepats)%5C
**Post date:** [January 12, 2026, 6:18pm UTC](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fhaving-trouble-importing-speechbrain-inference%2F172402%2F1 "2026-01-12T18:18:39Z")

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```auto
Hi,
I'm trying my first app on Hugging Face. I'm having an issue importing speechbrain.inference. It seems there's a compatibility problem with torchaudio - see traceback below.
Has anyone else seen this, and do you know of a fix?

Thanks,
Rob.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/app/app.py", line 2, in <module>
    from speechbrain.inference import SpeakerRecognition
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/ __init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .core import Brain, Stage, create_experiment_directory, parse_arguments
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/core.py", line 39, in <module>
    from speechbrain.dataio.dataloader import LoopedLoader, SaveableDataLoader
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/dataio/dataloader.py", line 46, in <module>
    from speechbrain.dataio.dataset import DynamicItemDataset
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/dataio/dataset.py", line 15, in <module>
    from speechbrain.dataio.dataio import load_data_csv, load_data_json
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/dataio/dataio.py", line 36, in <module>
    check_torchaudio_backend()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.py", line 57, in check_torchaudio_backend
    available_backends = torchaudio.list_audio_backends()
AttributeError: module 'torchaudio' has no attribute 'list_audio_backends'

```

---

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**Author:** ![John6666](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/hellohellohello/user_avatar/discuss.huggingface.co/john6666/32/27664_2.png) [@John6666](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Fu%2FJohn6666)%5C
**Post date:** [January 12, 2026, 8:38pm UTC](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fhaving-trouble-importing-speechbrain-inference%2F172402%2F2 "2026-01-12T20:38:21Z")

</div>

oh…

* * *

You are hitting a clean breaking-change boundary: **SpeechBrain is calling a TorchAudio function that no longer exists in newer TorchAudio**.

### What is happening

- SpeechBrain runs `check_torchaudio_backend()` during import.
- Older SpeechBrain code calls `torchaudio.list_audio_backends()` unconditionally. That matches your traceback. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/v1.0.3/_modules/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.html "Source code for speechbrain.utils.torch\_audio\_backend"))
- TorchAudio **deprecated** `list_audio_backends()` in 2.8 and says it **will be removed in 2.9**. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))
- So if your Space installed **torchaudio 2.9+** , importing SpeechBrain can crash exactly as you see.

This is not hypothetical. SpeechBrain’s _latest_ docs show they updated the check to **guard** the call because “`list_audio_backends()` was removed in torchaudio 2.9+” and they skip backend checking when it is missing. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_modules/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.html "Source code for speechbrain.utils.torch\_audio\_backend"))

### Why it’s common on Hugging Face Spaces

Spaces rebuild environments often. If you do not pin versions, `pip` can pull a newer TorchAudio later and break older SpeechBrain. This class of “torchaudio 2.9 removed API” break is showing up in multiple repos. ([GitHub](https://github.com/fishaudio/fish-speech/issues/1118 "Crash on startup: AttributeError: torchaudio. ..."))  
Also, PyPI’s latest SpeechBrain release is **1.0.3 (Apr 7, 2025)**, so `pip install speechbrain` can still give you code that expects older TorchAudio behavior. ([PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/speechbrain/ "speechbrain"))

* * *

## First: confirm your installed versions (30 seconds)

Run this in the Space terminal or logs:

```bash
python -c "import torch, torchaudio, speechbrain; print('torch', torch. __version__ ); print('torchaudio', torchaudio. __version__ ); print('speechbrain', speechbrain. __version__ ); print('has list_audio_backends', hasattr(torchaudio,'list_audio_backends'))"

```

If `has list_audio_backends` is `False`, you are on the “TorchAudio removed it” side of the line. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))

* * *

## Fix 1 (most stable): pin TorchAudio to `<2.9` and match Torch exactly

If you want to keep using SpeechBrain 1.0.3 from PyPI, pin TorchAudio to a version where the function still exists (2.8.x), and pin Torch to the matching release.

Why match: TorchAudio binaries are compiled against a specific PyTorch release. TorchAudio’s install docs say **TorchAudio and PyTorch from different releases cannot be used together**. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/stable/installation.html "Installing pre-built binaries — Torchaudio 2.9.0 ..."))

**requirements.txt (example)**

```txt
torch==2.8.0
torchaudio==2.8.0
speechbrain==1.0.3

```

This works because `list_audio_backends()` still exists in TorchAudio 2.8 (deprecated but present). ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))

* * *

## Fix 2 (future-facing): keep TorchAudio 2.9+ and use newer SpeechBrain code

SpeechBrain “latest” has a defensive check:

- if `torchaudio.list_audio_backends` exists, call it
- else (TorchAudio 2.9+), skip backend check and proceed ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_modules/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.html "Source code for speechbrain.utils.torch\_audio\_backend"))

So the fix is to install a SpeechBrain revision that includes that guarded logic.

On Spaces this often means installing from the GitHub repo instead of PyPI:

**requirements.txt**

```txt
git+https://github.com/speechbrain/speechbrain.git

```

If you do this, still keep Torch and TorchAudio matched (same major.minor). ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/stable/installation.html "Installing pre-built binaries — Torchaudio 2.9.0 ..."))

* * *

## Minor note: import path

The canonical class lives at `speechbrain.inference.speaker.SpeakerRecognition`. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/API/speechbrain.inference.speaker.html "speechbrain.inference.speaker module - Read the Docs"))  
So after your dependency issue is fixed, prefer:

```python
from speechbrain.inference.speaker import SpeakerRecognition

```

This does not fix your error by itself, because your crash happens earlier during SpeechBrain import, but it is the documented path. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/API/speechbrain.inference.speaker.html "speechbrain.inference.speaker module - Read the Docs"))

* * *

## Hugging Face Spaces gotchas that matter

### 1) Make sure Spaces actually rebuilds with your new pins

HF’s docs explain `requirements.txt` and system deps via `packages.txt`. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-dependencies "Handling Spaces Dependencies in Gradio Spaces"))  
If you change pins and it still behaves the same, do a **Factory reboot**. HF staff note this rebuilds “without using cached requirements.” ([Hugging Face Forums](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fcan-i-force-rebuild-a-huggingface-space%2F18419 "Can I force rebuild a huggingface space?"))

### 2) Next likely pitfall: audio decoding dependencies

Once import works, audio I/O can still fail due to missing codecs/backends. SpeechBrain keeps a troubleshooting page for this. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/stable/audioloading.html "Audio loading troubleshooting - SpeechBrain - Read the Docs"))  
If you need system FFmpeg in a Space, you can add it with `packages.txt` (documented by HF). ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-dependencies "Handling Spaces Dependencies in Gradio Spaces"))

* * *

## What I would do for “first app, get it working”

1. Pin stable versions (Fix 1) because it is simplest and reproducible.
2. Confirm `torch` and `torchaudio` are the same release line. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/stable/installation.html "Installing pre-built binaries — Torchaudio 2.9.0 ..."))
3. Factory reboot the Space after editing `requirements.txt`. ([Hugging Face Forums](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fcan-i-force-rebuild-a-huggingface-space%2F18419 "Can I force rebuild a huggingface space?"))

If you specifically want the newest TorchAudio stack, do Fix 2 and install SpeechBrain from GitHub so you get the 2.9+ guard. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_modules/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.html "Source code for speechbrain.utils.torch\_audio\_backend"))

* * *

### Summary

- Root cause: TorchAudio 2.9 removed `list_audio_backends()`. SpeechBrain 1.0.3 still calls it at import. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))
- Fix A: pin `torch==2.8.0` + `torchaudio==2.8.0` + `speechbrain==1.0.3`. Keep torch and torchaudio matched. ([PyTorch Docs](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/stable/installation.html "Installing pre-built binaries — Torchaudio 2.9.0 ..."))
- Fix B: keep TorchAudio 2.9+ and install newer SpeechBrain code that guards the call. ([SpeechBrain](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_modules/speechbrain/utils/torch_audio_backend.html "Source code for speechbrain.utils.torch\_audio\_backend"))
- On Spaces: use Factory reboot if pins do not apply due to caching. ([Hugging Face Forums](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fcan-i-force-rebuild-a-huggingface-space%2F18419 "Can I force rebuild a huggingface space?"))

---

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**Author:** ![Trepats](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/8e7dd6/32.png) [@Trepats](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Fu%2FTrepats)%5C
**Post date:** [January 13, 2026, 9:35am UTC](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fhaving-trouble-importing-speechbrain-inference%2F172402%2F3 "2026-01-13T09:35:08Z")

</div>

Thanks for your reply.

I have made the changes to requirements.txt to specify the versions for torch, torchaudio and speechbrain.

I am now getting a different error, it seems there is an incompatibility with hf\_hub\_download:

Exit code: 1. Reason: /usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/speechbrain/utils/torch\_audio\_backend.py:57: UserWarning: torchaudio.\_backend.list\_audio\_backends has been deprecated. This deprecation is part of a large refactoring effort to transition TorchAudio into a maintenance phase. The decoding and encoding capabilities of PyTorch for both audio and video are being consolidated into TorchCodec. Please see [Update on TorchAudio’s future · Issue #3902 · pytorch/audio · GitHub](https://github.com/pytorch/audio/issues/3902) for more information. It will be removed from the 2.9 release. available\_backends = torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends() Traceback (most recent call last): File “/app/app.py”, line 5, in verification = SpeakerRecognition.from\_hparams( source=“speechbrain/spkrec-ecapa-voxceleb”, run\_opts={“device”: “cpu”} # Change to “cuda” if GPU is available ) File “/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/speechbrain/inference/interfaces.py”, line 477, in from\_hparams hparams\_local\_path = fetch( filename=hparams\_file, …\<7 lines\>… local\_strategy=local\_strategy, ) File “/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/speechbrain/utils/fetching.py”, line 387, in fetch fetched\_file = huggingface\_hub.hf\_hub\_download( \*\*kwargs, cache\_dir=huggingface\_cache\_dir, ) File “/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/huggingface\_hub/utils/\_validators.py”, line 89, in \_inner\_fn return fn(\*args, \*\*kwargs) TypeError: hf\_hub\_download() got an unexpected keyword argument ‘use\_auth\_token’

Regards,  
Rob.

---

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**Author:** ![John6666](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/hellohellohello/user_avatar/discuss.huggingface.co/john6666/32/27664_2.png) [@John6666](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Fu%2FJohn6666)%5C
**Post date:** [January 13, 2026, 12:20pm UTC](/static-proxy?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscuss.huggingface.co%2Ft%2Fhaving-trouble-importing-speechbrain-inference%2F172402%2F4 "2026-01-13T12:20:26Z")

</div>

Library version mismatches often remain unresolved, so in such cases, pin the version of any library that doesn’t need to be the latest for your specific use to an older, stable one…

* * *

You are seeing two separate “API moved/removed” breakages caused by **upstream version drift** :

1. **TorchAudio refactor (2.8 → 2.9)** affects `torchaudio.list_audio_backends()`.
2. **huggingface\_hub v1.0** removed the `use_auth_token` keyword (and a few other keywords) that SpeechBrain still passes into `hf_hub_download()`.

Both are common in Hugging Face Spaces because a rebuild can silently pick up newer dependency versions unless you pin them.

* * *

## 1) Why your new error happens: `hf_hub_download(..., use_auth_token=...)` crashes

### What the traceback means

SpeechBrain calls:

- `SpeakerRecognition.from_hparams(...)`
- which calls `speechbrain.utils.fetching.fetch(...)`
- which calls `huggingface_hub.hf_hub_download(...)`

SpeechBrain currently builds kwargs including `"use_auth_token": use_auth_token` and passes them to `hf_hub_download`. ([speechbrain.readthedocs.io](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_modules/speechbrain/utils/fetching.html "speechbrain.utils.fetching — SpeechBrain 0.5.0 documentation"))

But in **huggingface\_hub v1.0** , Hugging Face explicitly removed:

- `use_auth_token` (replaced by `token`)
- and also removed `resume_download`, `force_filename`, `local_dir_use_symlinks` from `hf_hub_download` ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))

So if your Space has `huggingface_hub>=1.0`, SpeechBrain’s call pattern can fail immediately with:

> `TypeError: hf_hub_download() got an unexpected keyword argument 'use_auth_token'`

That is exactly your error.

### Why you got it “even though you are not using a private model”

Even when the model is public, SpeechBrain still passes the keyword argument (`use_auth_token=False`). The function signature mismatch is enough to crash.

* * *

## 2) The most reliable fix: pin `huggingface_hub` to v0.x

If you want SpeechBrain “as-is” with minimal patching, add a hub pin:

```txt
huggingface_hub<1.0

```

Reason: `use_auth_token` is removed in hub v1.0, so staying on v0.x preserves compatibility. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))

### Practical `requirements.txt` pattern (example)

Keep your existing pins for `torch/torchaudio/speechbrain`, then add:

```txt
huggingface_hub<1.0

```

After rebuild, confirm versions at runtime:

```python
import huggingface_hub, speechbrain
print("huggingface_hub", huggingface_hub. __version__ )
print("speechbrain", speechbrain. __version__ )

```

### One more important detail

SpeechBrain also sometimes passes `force_filename` and `local_dir_use_symlinks` to `hf_hub_download` in one code path. Those are _also_ removed in hub v1.0. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))  
That is another reason pinning hub `<1.0` is the cleanest fix.

* * *

## 3) Alternative fixes if you cannot downgrade `huggingface_hub`

Sometimes other dependencies force hub v1.x. If that is your situation, you have three workarounds.

### A) Patch SpeechBrain locally (rename the argument)

In SpeechBrain’s `fetching.py`, the intent is “use my HF token if needed.” In hub v1.0 that parameter is now named `token`. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))

Minimal conceptual change:

- `use_auth_token` → `token`

Caveat:

- If you hit the code path that uses `force_filename` / `local_dir_use_symlinks`, you must adjust those too because hub v1.0 removed them. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))

### B) Install a SpeechBrain revision that already supports hub v1.x

If/when SpeechBrain releases a version updated for hub v1.0, upgrading SpeechBrain instead of downgrading hub is ideal.  
Right now, the SpeechBrain docs/source still show `use_auth_token` being passed to `hf_hub_download`. ([speechbrain.readthedocs.io](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_modules/speechbrain/utils/fetching.html "speechbrain.utils.fetching — SpeechBrain 0.5.0 documentation"))  
So you need to verify in the specific SpeechBrain version you install.

### C) Monkeypatch `hf_hub_download` at startup (quick and dirty)

You can wrap the function to translate `use_auth_token` → `token` and drop removed kwargs.

This is brittle, but it can unblock a demo quickly.

* * *

## 4) Your earlier TorchAudio problem: why it happened and why it is now “only a warning”

### What happened originally

You initially got:

> `AttributeError: module 'torchaudio' has no attribute 'list_audio_backends'`

TorchAudio deprecated `torchaudio.list_audio_backends()` in 2.8 and removed deprecated APIs in 2.9. ([PyTorch Documentation](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))  
So if your environment had TorchAudio 2.9+, code calling `list_audio_backends()` can break (projects are actively hitting this). ([GitHub](https://github.com/fishaudio/fish-speech/issues/1118 "Crash on startup: AttributeError: torchaudio. ..."))

### Why you now see a deprecation warning instead

Your new warning says the function exists but is deprecated and will be removed (that is the 2.8 behavior). ([PyTorch Documentation](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))  
So your torch/torchaudio pin likely moved you back to 2.8.x, which is consistent with “works but warns.”

* * *

## 5) Hugging Face Spaces specifics that matter in your case

### Python version in Spaces can change dependency behavior

Spaces let you set `python_version:` in the README YAML and it defaults to **3.10**. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-config-reference "Spaces Configuration Reference"))  
Your traceback shows Python 3.13 paths. That is valid, but it increases the chance you end up on the newest major releases of everything.

If you want fewer surprises:

- set `python_version: "3.10"` (or 3.11) in README YAML ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-config-reference "Spaces Configuration Reference"))
- and pin the ML stack tightly

### Dependency pinning is normal on Spaces

Spaces install from `requirements.txt`, so pins are the standard way to keep rebuilds stable. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-dependencies "Handling Spaces Dependencies in Gradio Spaces"))

* * *

## 6) Similar cases people hit (so you know this is not “just you”)

- Other projects hit the same `use_auth_token` keyword crash when hub removes it (example issue in Hugging Face ecosystem). ([GitHub](https://github.com/huggingface/speechbox/issues/34 "got an unexpected keyword argument 'use\_auth\_token' #34"))
- People explicitly fix it by downgrading `huggingface_hub<1.0` because v1.0 is where the breaking change lands. ([Zenn](https://zenn.dev/kun432/scraps/9655673d77bb3f "話者ダイアライぜーションフレームワーク「diart」を試す"))
- Multiple repos hit TorchAudio breakage when deprecated APIs disappear in 2.9. ([GitHub](https://github.com/fishaudio/fish-speech/issues/1118 "Crash on startup: AttributeError: torchaudio. ..."))

* * *

## 7) Recommended path for your exact situation

Given your tracebacks, the shortest stable route is:

1. Keep Torch/TorchAudio pinned to a compatible pair (your current state looks like TorchAudio 2.8.x, which avoids the hard error). ([PyTorch Documentation](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))

2. Add **one** more pin to stop SpeechBrain vs Hub fighting:

3. Rebuild the Space.

4. Print versions on startup to confirm the environment is what you think it is.

If you later want to move to hub v1.x, do it deliberately by upgrading SpeechBrain to a version that has removed `use_auth_token` internally (verify in release notes or source), because hub v1.0 breaking changes are explicit and non-trivial. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))

* * *

## High-quality references to keep handy

- Hugging Face Hub v1.0 migration guide (lists removal of `use_auth_token` and removed `hf_hub_download` parameters). ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))
- SpeechBrain `fetch()` implementation showing it passes `use_auth_token` into `hf_hub_download`. ([speechbrain.readthedocs.io](https://speechbrain.readthedocs.io/en/stable/_modules/speechbrain/utils/fetching.html "speechbrain.utils.fetching — SpeechBrain 0.5.0 documentation"))
- TorchAudio docs for `list_audio_backends()` deprecation and removal timeline. ([PyTorch Documentation](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))
- Spaces config reference for `python_version` default and how to set it. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-config-reference "Spaces Configuration Reference"))

* * *

## Summary

- Your current crash is **SpeechBrain passing `use_auth_token` to `hf_hub_download`** , but **huggingface\_hub v1.0 removed that parameter**. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))
- Fastest fix: **pin `huggingface_hub<1.0`**. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/en/concepts/migration "Migrating to huggingface\_hub v1.0"))
- Your earlier TorchAudio issue is the same category: **2.9 removed APIs deprecated in 2.8**. ([PyTorch Documentation](https://docs.pytorch.org/audio/2.8/generated/torchaudio.list_audio_backends.html "torchaudio.list\_audio\_backends"))
- On Spaces, also consider setting `python_version: "3.10"` to reduce churn. ([Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/spaces-config-reference "Spaces Configuration Reference"))